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Mobility as a Service (MaaS) refers to combining all forms of personal transport together into seamless trip chains, with bookings and payments managed collectively for all legs of the trip. Travel planning would typically begin in a trip planner. For example, it might show the user that they can get from A to B using: train, bus-bus combination or taxi-train combination. The user would choose their preferred trip based on cost and time and convenience. At that point any necessary bookings (calling a taxi, reserving a seat on a long-distance train) would be performed as a unit, and payments managed too. It is also widely envisaged that this service should allow roaming, that is, the same end-user app should work in different cities, without the user needing to become familiar with a new app or to sign up to new services. It is expected that MaaS will be associated with a decline in car ownership. This is one of the aims of MaaS, and this is borne out by the Ubigo trial Gothenburg during which many private cars were deregistered for the duration of the trial. ==Monthly subscription vs pay-as-you-go== The concept then divides into 2 variants: The Monthly subscription model is modelled after mobile phone plans. Users would pay a monthly fee and for that they would get e.g. unlimited travel on urban public transport plus a fixed number of taxi kilometers. The Monthly subscription model envisages a well-funded commercially operated "MaaS Operator" which will purchase transport services in bulk and provide guarantees to users. The only time this model has ever been tried was the Ubigo trial in Gothenburg.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Press Release )〕 It is not necessary that the operator include all forms of transport, just enough to be able to provide reasonable guarantees. The MaaS operator will be able to use market power to get good prices. In particular a MaaS operator might be able to solve the problem of overcapacity in the taxi industry - e.g. in Helsinki, taxi drivers are waiting for a customer 75% of the time, and 50% of kilometers driven are driven without a customer paying. A MaaS operator might be able to solve this problem by paying salaries to taxi drivers, through existing employers, and guaranteeing them a certain level of income. The Pay-as-you-go model represents the world we're more familiar with, whereby each leg of the trip (each train trip, taxi trip etc) has its own price, set by the transport service provider. In this world, the apps see themselves more like search engines, seeking to draw all transport service providers into the one ecosystem, so that users don't need to check other apps to confirm that they are in fact being given the best trip suggestions. Many cities have cards which pay for intermodal public transport, including Vienna〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Home page )〕 and Stuttgart〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Company web page )〕 but none yet include taxis/on-demand buses in the service. Both models have similar requirements in terms of needing trip planners to construct optimal trip chains, and technical and business relationships with transport service providers, e.g. a taxi booking/payment API and e-ticketing e.g. QR codes on urban buses and metros. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mobility as a service (transport)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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